When а®’ o is added to a consonant, the diacritic marks for e and aa are placed surrounding the consonant, as in а®•аЇЉ ko.When а®ђ ai is added to a consonant, a modified form is placed in front of the consonant, as in а®•аЇ€ kai.When а®Џ ee is added to a consonant, a diacritic mark representing it is placed in front of the consonant, as in а®•аЇ‡ kee.When а®Ћ e is added to a consonant, a modified form is placed in front of the consonant, as in а®•аЇ† ke.When а®Љ uu is added to a consonant, a diacritic mark representing it is added to the end of the consonant, as in а®•аЇ‚ kuu.When а®‰ u is added to a consonant, a diacritic mark representing it is added to the bottom of the consonant, as in а®•аЇЃ ku.When а®€ ii is added to a consonant, a diacritic mark representing it is added to the top of the consonant, as in а®•аЇЂ kii.When а®‡ i is added to a consonant, a diacritic mark representing it is added to the end of the consonant, as in а®•а®ї ki.When а®† aa is added to a consonant, a diacritic mark representing it is added to the end of the consonant, as in а®•а®ѕ kaa.Similar to many other South Asian scripts, Tamil consonants carry the inherent а®… a sound, so а®… a does not change when added to a consonant.(Long vowels are held about twice as long as short vowels.) In some cases, diacritic marks are added to the end of the consonants to represent vowels, but in others, marks are added to other locations. They alter their form depending on whether they are paired with a consonant and whether they are short or long vowels.

The Tamil script has 12 vowels, which are written as independent letters when they appear at the beginning of a syllable.

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